Macron had pointed words for his counterparts Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin, who have each embraced nationalist policies and, in the case of Trump, explicitly embraced nationalism as a political identity.

Patriotism is the exact opposite of nationalism: nationalism is a betrayal of patriotism,” Macron said. “By pursuing our own interests first, with no regard to others’, we erase the very thing that a nation holds most precious, that which gives it life and makes it great: its moral values.”